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Martin Luther

Martin Luther


Martin Luther changed the course of Western civilization by initiating the Protestant Reformation. As a priest and theology professor, he confronted indulgence salesmen with his 95 Theses in 1517. Luther strongly disputed their claim that freedom from God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms meeting in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the emperor.

Luther taught that salvation is a free gift of God and received only by grace through faith in Jesus as redeemer from sin, not from good works. His theology challenged the authority of the pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood.

His translation of the Bible into the language of the people (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, causing a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the translation into English of the King James Bible. His hymns inspired the development of singing in churches. His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant priests to marry.
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A prince, therefore, ought always to take counsel, but only when he wishes and not when others wish; he ought rather to discourage every one from offering advice unless he asks it; but, however, he ought to be a constant inquirer, and afterwards a patient listener concerning the things of which he inquired; also, on learning that any one, on any consideration, has not told him the truth, he should let his anger be felt.
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And there is nothing wastes so rapidly as liberality, for even whilst you exercise it you lose the power to do so, and so become either poor or despised, or else - in avoiding poverty - rapacious and hated. And a leader should guard himself, above all things, against being despised and hated; and liberality leads you to both. Therefore it is wiser to have a reputation for austerity which brings reproach without hatred, than to be compelled through seeking a reputation for liberality to incur a name for rapacity which begets reproach with hatred.
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And let it be noted that there is no more delicate matter to take in hand, nor more dangerous to conduct, nor more doubtful in its success, than to set up as a leader in the introduction of changes.
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he who thinks new favours will cause great personages to forget old injuries deceives himself.
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I say that every prince ought to desire to be considered clement and not cruel. Nevertheless he ought to take care not to misuse this clemency.
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We find no rest for our weary bones unless we cling to the word of grace.
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The Gospel is true because it deprives men of all glory, wisdom, and righteousness and turns over all honor to the Creator alone. It is safer to attribute too much glory unto God than unto man.
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The article of justification must be sounded in our ears incessantly because the frailty of our flesh will not permit us to take hold of it perfectly and to believe it with all our heart.
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It is a doctrine of satan that men are no longer terrified by the law and have replaced it with a gospel of love and grace ONLY!
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A man does not live for himself alone in this mortal body to work for it alone, but he lives also for all men on earth; rather, he lives only for others and not for himself. To this end he brings his body into subjection that he may the more sincerely and freely serve others.
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Although the Christian is thus free from all works, he ought in this liberty to empty himself, take upon himself the form of a servant, be made in the likeness of men, be found in human form, and to serve, help and in every way deal with his neighbor as he sees that God through Christ has dealt and still deals with him.
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[Rome], who was formerly the gate of heaven, is now a sort of open mouth of hell.
topics: insults  
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A Prince should esteem the great, but must not make himself odious to the people.
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لكنا نعرف مدى الثناء الذي يناله الأمير الذي يحفظ عهده ويحيا حياة مستقيمة دون مكر. لكن تجارب عصرنا هذا تدل على أن أولئك الأمراء الذين حققوا أعمالاً عظيمة هم من لم يصن العهد إلا قليلاً. وهم من استطاع أن يؤثر على العقل بما له من مكر. كما استطاعوا التغلب على من جعلوا الأمانية هادياً لهم
topics: سياسة  
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... When Princes devote themselves rather to pleasure than to arms, they lose their dominions.
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Princes should devolve on others those matters that entail responsibility, and reserve to themselves those that relate to grace and favour.
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Did Christ die, or did He not die? Was His death worth while, or was it not? If His death was worth while, it follows that righteousness does not come by the Law. Why was Christ born anyway? Why was He crucified? Why did He suffer? Why did He love me and give Himself for me? It was all done to no purpose if righteousness is to be had by the Law.
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We are not to look upon our sins as insignificant trifles. On the other hand, we are not to regard them as so terrible that we must despair.
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Christ is no Moses, no law-giver, no tyrant, but the Mediator for sins, the Giver of grace and life.
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... If in other respects the old condition of things be continued, and there be no discordance in their customs, men live peaceably with one another...
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