Verse 1
1. rod—When the proud "boughs" of "Lebanon" (Isaiah 10:33; Isaiah 10:34, the Assyrians) are lopped, and the vast "forests cut down" amidst all this rage, a seemingly humble rod shall come out of Jesse (Messiah), who shall retrieve the injuries done by the Assyrian "rod" to Israel (Isaiah 10:5; Isaiah 10:6; Isaiah 10:18; Isaiah 10:19).
stem—literally, "the stump" of a tree cut close by the roots: happily expressing the depressed state of the royal house of David, owing to the hostile storm (Isaiah 10:18; Isaiah 10:19), when Messiah should arise from it, to raise it to more than its pristine glory. Isaiah 10:19- : proves this (Isaiah 53:2; compare Job 14:7; Job 14:8; see on Isaiah 8:6).
Branch—Scion. He is nevertheless also the "root" (Isaiah 11:10; Revelation 5:5; Revelation 22:16. "Root and offspring" combines both, Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12).
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