Verse 5
5. iniquity—wrong done to them (Isaiah 5:4; Micah 6:3; compare Deuteronomy 32:4).
walked after vanity—contrasted with "walkest after me in the wilderness" (Jeremiah 2:2): then I was their guide in the barren desert; now they take idols as their guides.
vanity . . . vain—An idol is not only vain (impotent and empty), but vanity itself. Its worshippers acquire its character, becoming vain as it is (Deuteronomy 7:26; Psalms 115:8). A people's character never rises above that of its gods, which are its "better nature" [BACON] (2 Kings 17:15; Jonah 2:8).
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