Ephesians 4:31

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger; these all seem to relate to the inward affection, as the two following to the effects of it in the words.

Bitterness may imply a secret lurking displeasure at another, or rather a confirmed and permanent one;

wrath, the first boiling up of the passion, which affects the body in the commotion of the blood and spirits; and

anger, a greater height and paroxysm of the same passion, or an eager desire of revenge: see Colossians 3:8.

And clamour; such inordinate loudness as men in anger are wont to break out into in their words.

And evil speaking; either with respect to God or man, though the latter seems particularly meant here; railing, reviling, reproaching, &c., the ordinary effects of immoderate anger.

With all malice; maliciousness, or malignity of heart, in opposition to kindness and tenderness, Ephesians 4:32; see Romans 1:29; 1 Corinthians 5:8; 1 Corinthians 14:20; Titus 3:3.