In order to move God to take action, the psalmist reminds him of his saving actions in the past: he brought his people out of Egypt and gave them the promised land. The author uses the very expressive image of the vineyard, of which the prophets were so fond (cf. Isaiah 3:14, 5:1-7; Jeremiah 2:21; Ezekiel 17:6-8; etc.).

In his teachings Jesus uses the image of the vineyard to signify people that belong to the Lord, and he compares himself to the vine from which life flows to the branches, that is, to those who form part of the new people of God (cf. John 15:1).

This psalm arrangement is used in the Mass liturgy on the 27th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A.