Excerpt from Luther's German Version of the Gospel of St. John: With an Interlinear English Translation, for the Use of Students
In Hamilton's books, on the contrary, the words of the German text are put together, not as they are found in the original, in their genuine grammatical order, but according to the rules of the English Grammar, to suit the translation underneath, - as if the purpose had been to teach English rather than German. All that can be said in favor of such an artificial disposition of the text, is this, that it renders it more easy for the translator to place a continuous and tolerably correct vernacular version underneath. The student is cer tainly not benefited by being saved the wholesome necessity of attending to the genuine German construction, while he is trying to understand the original by means of a translation, which, by its very deviations from the rules of the English.
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Martin Luther changed the course of Western civilization by initiating the Protestant Reformation. As a priest and theology professor, he confronted indulgence salesmen with his 95 Theses in 1517. Luther strongly disputed their claim that freedom from God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms meeting in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the emperor.
Luther taught that salvation is a free gift of God and received only by grace through faith in Jesus as redeemer from sin, not from good works. His theology challenged the authority of the pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood.
His translation of the Bible into the language of the people (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, causing a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the translation into English of the King James Bible. His hymns inspired the development of singing in churches. His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant priests to marry.
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