Excerpt from The Precious and Sacred Writings of Martin Luther, Vol. 11: Based on the Kaiser Chronological Edition With References to the Erlangen and Walch Editions
In Memory of the german and scandina vian students, who so timely and heartily aided Protestantism in the three periods of its greatest need and blessings: In the time of the Reformation, when students from all Europe gathered around Luther in the university of Witten berg, and then returned home to translate his doc trines and spirit into their mother tongues; In the time when the Reformation blossomed into German Pietism in the same university, removed to Halle, where down to Francke's death over students went forth with the missionary spirit of S pener and a revived interest in Luther's writings, among whom were Ziegenbalg to Asia, the father of Protestant Heathen missions, and Muhlenberg/to America, the model Diaspora missionary; and in modern times, when the Gustavus Adolphus Society for mission work in Catholic countries, organized since 1832, developed Student Gustavus Adolphus Missionary Societies and the church organized the Students' Misn sionary Societies for the heathen, in Germany since 1849, and in the uni versities of Christiania, U psala and Helsingfors since 1881-2; and to the German and Scandinavian students in the universities, col leges, semina/ries, and acade mies of all English-speaking countries, this volume 1 s i n t h e n a m e of our Saviour.
Martin Luther changed the course of Western civilization by initiating the Protestant Reformation. As a priest and theology professor, he confronted indulgence salesmen with his 95 Theses in 1517. Luther strongly disputed their claim that freedom from God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms meeting in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the emperor.
Luther taught that salvation is a free gift of God and received only by grace through faith in Jesus as redeemer from sin, not from good works. His theology challenged the authority of the pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood.
His translation of the Bible into the language of the people (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, causing a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the translation into English of the King James Bible. His hymns inspired the development of singing in churches. His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant priests to marry.
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