Le De ente et essentia (De l'être et de l'essence) est un opuscule de métaphysique de Thomas d'Aquin. Il a été rédigé entre 1254 et 1256, alors que Thomas d'Aquin était jeune professeur. Cet opuscule, dédié à ses frères du couvent Saint Jacques, est conçu comme une introduction à la métaphysique ou réflexion philosophique sur l'être.
Thomas Aquinas was an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus and Doctor Communis.
He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology, and the father of the Thomistic school of philosophy and theology. His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy was conceived as a reaction against, or as an agreement with, his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law and political theory.
The philosophy of Aquinas has exerted enormous influence on subsequent Christian theology, especially that of the Roman Catholic Church, extending to Western philosophy in general, where he stands as a vehicle and modifier of Aristotelianism, which he fused with the thought of Augustine.
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